Comprehensive Transformation of Escherichia coli for Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Production

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a key precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and an important source cellular energy. It can prevent neuronal mitochondrial defects alleviate heart fibrosis. Strategies to improve NMN production have implications for human health. Through plasmid expression technology CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we engineered Escherichia coli efficient production. First, upregulated the genes encoding enzymes in synthesis pathway, enabling E. directly produce NMN, established role transporter transport from cells. The content was 0.24 g·L−1 at 24 h. Second, strengthened adenosine triphosphate (ATP) cycle, concentration 0.49 Third, increased 5-phosphate ribose-1-phosphate obtained 12 h 1.11 Fourth, introduced riboside kinase (NRK) found that it effective only period time. 0.54 but 1.05 Finally, combined these strategies regulate whole metabolic flow, revealing integrating multiple pathways promoted During fermentation, added 1 10 glucose, yielding extracellular g·L−1.